PSG has now secured the season-opening cup on 14 separate occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a perfect penalty shootout to get past Marseille in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight French Super Cup title.
The European champions appeared to be sailing towards a straightforward win in the match between the Ligue 1 winners and the Coupe de France winners after Ousmane Dembele opened the scoring early on.
However, Marseille struck twice in the closing moments to take a shock lead. Initially, Mason Greenwood converted from the spot-kick, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking twist of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a crucial equaliser in the final seconds to send the contest into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then stood as the key figure, saving crucial kicks from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all converted with composure for PSG to seal a convincing shootout victory.
The record champions Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now won this competition for the 12th time in the past thirteen seasons.